Question 1: If you were a soldier in ancient Rome, what was the name of the payment you would receive upon retirement?
Question 2: If an animal is described as "diurnal", what does this mean about its behavior?
Diurnal animals are active during the daytime and sleep at night, in contrast to nocturnal animals which are active at night. Many birds and mammals, such as humans, dogs, and songbirds, are diurnal.
Question 3: What is the term for the branch of philosophy that studies the fundamental nature of existence, reality, and knowledge?
Metaphysics is the branch of philosophy that examines the fundamental nature of reality, including the relationship between mind and matter, substance and attribute, fact and value. It seeks to answer questions such as "What is the nature of reality?", "What is the relationship between the mind and the body?", and "What is the origin of the universe?".
Question 4: Where do the terms 'sine', 'cosine' and 'tangent' come from?
The terms 'sine', 'cosine', and 'tangent' are fundamental to trigonometry, which is a branch of mathematics that studies relationships between side lengths and angles of triangles. These trigonometric functions are used to calculate angles and distances in fields such as physics, engineering, and navigation.
Question 5: Which country is the origin of the popular dish Pad Thai?
Pad Thai is a stir-fried rice noodle dish commonly served as a street food and at most restaurants in Thailand. It is made with soaked dried rice noodles, which are stir-fried with eggs and chopped firm tofu, and flavored with tamarind pulp, fish sauce, dried shrimp, garlic or shallots, red chili pepper and palm sugar.
Question 6: Where was the ancient city of Petra located?
Petra, also known as the "Lost City," is an ancient city located in present-day Jordan. It was the capital of the Nabataean Kingdom, and its iconic rock-cut architecture and water conduit system made it a significant center for trade and commerce in ancient times.
Question 7: Who coined the term 'biodiversity'?
The term 'biodiversity' was first coined by Walter G. Rosen in 1985. It is a contraction of 'biological diversity' and refers to the variety and variability of life on Earth at all levels, from genes to ecosystems.
Question 8: Why is the Jewish holiday of Hanukkah celebrated?
Hanukkah commemorates the rededication of the Second Temple in Jerusalem during the second century BCE, after the Maccabean Revolt against the Seleucid Empire. According to legend, the Temple only had enough pure olive oil to keep the menorah's candles burning for a single day, but miraculously the flames continued flickering for eight nights.
Question 9: Where does the legendary character Robin Hood traditionally reside?
In English folklore, Robin Hood is an outlaw who, with his band of Merry Men, resides in Sherwood Forest, Nottinghamshire. From there, he famously robs from the rich to give to the poor.
Question 10: Where was the hit TV series "Friends" set?
The popular sitcom "Friends" was set in New York City, with the characters living in apartments in Greenwich Village. The series ran for 10 seasons from 1994 to 2004 and became a cultural phenomenon.
In ancient Rome, praemia was a payment made to soldiers upon retirement or discharge from the army. It was a form of reward for their service and loyalty to the Roman state. The amount varied depending on factors such as length of service and rank.