If you think autumn is the time to hang up your gardening gloves and retreat indoors with a mug of cocoa, think again!

October is a golden month for gardeners—literally, as leaves turn to fiery reds and golds, carpeting lawns and borders in a dazzling display.

But beneath this autumnal beauty, your garden is quietly preparing for winter’s rest and next year’s rebirth.

The choices you make now will shape your springtime show and keep your outdoor space healthy and happy.

1. Plant Spring Bulbs for a Burst of Color​

October is prime time for planting spring-flowering bulbs.

Think of it as tucking away little treasures that will surprise you with color when winter finally loosens its grip.

But don’t just scatter bulbs willy-nilly—plan your display for maximum impact.

Layering for Drama:​

Start with taller bulbs like tulips, daffodils, and alliums at the back of borders or the center of pots. In front, plant lower-growing beauties such as crocuses, miniature narcissi, and fritillaria. This creates a tiered effect, ensuring every flower gets its moment in the sun.

Potting Up:​

If you’re short on space, bulbs thrive in containers. Place the tallest bulbs in the middle, then surround them with shorter varieties. Try a “bulb lasagna”—layering different types at varying depths in the same pot for a succession of blooms.

Pro Tip:​

Mix up colors and bloom times for a display that lasts from early March to late May. And don’t forget to plant bulbs pointy side up!

2. Turn Fallen Leaves into Garden Gold​

Those crunchy leaves blanketing your lawn aren’t just a chore—they’re a resource! Instead of bagging them up for the trash, put them to work.

Compost Magic:​

Leaves are rich in carbon and break down into a nutrient-packed mulch called “leaf mold.” Pile them up in a corner or add them to your compost heap. For faster decomposition, shred them with a mower and mix in some grass clippings (which add nitrogen). Keep the pile moist and turn it occasionally. In a year or two, you’ll have a dark, crumbly compost that’s garden gold.

Mulch for Winter:​

Spread a layer of chopped leaves around perennials and shrubs to insulate roots and suppress weeds. Just avoid smothering the crowns of plants, which can cause rot.

Did You Know?​

Leaf mold improves soil structure, helps retain moisture, and encourages beneficial earthworms. It’s nature’s way of recycling!

3. Prune with Purpose (and Patience)​

Autumn is the season for strategic pruning, especially for climbing roses and other woody plants. But before you go snipping away, remember: less is more.

Climbing Roses:​

If your rose is over two years old, now’s the time to tidy it up. Remove any dead, diseased, or crossing side shoots, cutting just above a healthy bud. Leave the main framework alone—vigorous pruning can set young plants back.

Other Shrubs:​

October is also a good time to prune summer-flowering shrubs, but avoid cutting spring bloomers (like lilacs or forsythia) or you’ll lose next year’s flowers.

Tool Time:​

Always use sharp, clean secateurs to prevent disease. And don’t forget to compost healthy prunings!

4. Protect Tender Plants from Frost​

The first frosts are just around the corner, and some of your garden favorites won’t appreciate the chill.

Lift and Store:​

Dahlias, cannas, gladioli, and other tender bulbs and tubers should be lifted now. Gently dig them up, brush off excess soil, and let them dry. Store them in a cool, dry, frost-free place—like a garage or basement—packed in sawdust or newspaper. Come spring, you’ll be ready to replant for another season of blooms.

Pots and Containers:​

Move tender potted plants (like geraniums or citrus) indoors or into a sheltered spot. If that’s not possible, wrap pots in bubble wrap or burlap to insulate roots.

Bonus Tip:​

If you’re feeling ambitious, take cuttings from tender perennials like fuchsias or pelargoniums. Root them indoors for free plants next year!

5. Relocate and Reimagine: Move Plants While They Sleep​

Ever planted a shrub in the wrong spot? October is your second chance! As trees, shrubs, and hedges drop their leaves and enter dormancy, it’s the perfect time to move them.

How-To:​

Wait until your plant is fully dormant (usually late October). Dig up as much of the root ball as possible, replant in its new home, and water well. Add a layer of mulch to help roots settle in.

Why Now?​

Moving plants while they’re asleep minimizes stress and gives them time to establish before spring growth begins.

Planning Ahead:​

Take this opportunity to rethink your garden layout. Is there a sunny spot that needs shade? A bare patch that could use a splash of color? Autumn is the time to dream and scheme!


Also read: Don’t throw away those coffee grounds—your garden might need them

Bonus: Other October Garden Chores to Consider​

• Clean and Store Tools: Wipe down and oil your tools to prevent rust.
• Plant Garlic and Onions: These crops love a winter chill and will reward you with a tasty harvest next summer.
• Feed the Birds: As insects dwindle, help your feathered friends by setting out feeders and fresh water.
• Check for Pests: Slugs and snails are still active—remove hiding places and use barriers if needed.

Read next:

• How to create a tea garden at home and enjoy fresh, soothing brews
• Tired of leaves killing your lawn? Try this “vacuum mulching” trick

What’s your favorite October gardening ritual? Have you discovered a clever hack for dealing with leaves, or a foolproof way to overwinter dahlias? Share your stories, questions, and photos in the comments below!