Question 1: What is the name given to molten rock after it has erupted onto Earth's surface?
Question 2: In which year did the International Criminal Court (ICC) come into existence?
The International Criminal Court was established by a multilateral treaty called the Rome Statute, which was adopted at a diplomatic conference in Rome on July 17, 1998, and entered into force on July 1, 2002. The ICC has the jurisdiction to prosecute individuals for the international crimes of genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and the crime of aggression.
Question 3: Which scientist is credited with the invention of the first practical telephone?
Although there was controversy and competition to create the telephone, Alexander Graham Bell was the first to be awarded a patent for it in 1876. He famously made the first call to his assistant, saying, "Mr. Watson, come here, I want to see you."
Question 4: Who is considered the father of existentialism?
Søren Kierkegaard was a Danish philosopher in the 19th century who is often regarded as the first existentialist philosopher. His work dealt with themes such as individuality, choice, and the subjective nature of reality.
Question 5: Which superhero is typically associated with the fictional substance "adamantium"?
Adamantium is a virtually indestructible metal alloy in the Marvel Comics universe, most famously used to bond to Wolverine's skeleton and his retractable claws. Wolverine first appeared in 1974 in "The Incredible Hulk" #180.
Question 6: Which author wrote the famous novel "1984"?
"1984" was published in 1949 by English author George Orwell. It is a dystopian social science fiction novel and cautionary tale which presents an imagined future, where society is tyrannized by The Party and its totalitarian ideology. The book has become a classic literary example of political and dystopian fiction.
Question 7: When is Canada Day celebrated?
Canada Day celebrates the anniversary of the July 1, 1867, enactment of the Constitution Act, which united the three separate colonies of the Province of Canada, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick into a single Dominion within the British Empire called Canada.
Question 8: The song "I Dreamed a Dream" is from which famous musical?
"I Dreamed a Dream" is a song from Les Misérables, which is a musical adaptation of Victor Hugo's novel of the same name. The song is a powerful ballad that expresses the despair of the character Fantine. The musical premiered in Paris in 1980 and in London's West End in 1985.
Question 9: What gas is a major contributor to ozone layer depletion?
CFCs were widely used in refrigeration, air conditioning, foam blowing, and aerosol propellants. Due to their capability to break down ozone molecules in the stratosphere, they contribute significantly to ozone layer depletion. The Montreal Protocol was agreed upon in 1987 to phase out the production and consumption of ozone-depleting substances.
Question 10: In psychological terms, what is the name for the phenomenon where a person overestimates their own abilities?
The Dunning-Kruger effect is a cognitive bias in which people with low ability at a task overestimate their ability. It was identified by social psychologists David Dunning and Justin Kruger in a study published in 1999.
Molten rock below the Earth's surface is called magma. Once it erupts onto the surface during a volcanic eruption, it is referred to as lava. Basalt is a type of rock that can form from cooled lava, and tuff is a rock formed from volcanic ash.